spinous

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
形容物体表面有刺或尖状突起,常用于描述植物、动物结构或医学中的棘状特征。

用法要点

形容词用法

通常作定语修饰名词,描述物体具有刺状或尖状特征,常见于生物学、医学和日常描述中。

• spinous leaves
• spinous process
• spinous texture

介词搭配

常与with连用表示“带有刺状特征”,也可用于描述具体部位,如in the spinous region。

• covered with spinous projections
• pain in the spinous area
• structures with spinous ends

语域说明

属于正式用语,多用于学术、医学和专业描述,日常口语中较少使用,可用prickly或thorny替代。

• spinous anatomical features
• spinous plant defenses
• spinous surface characteristics

基础例句

The cactus has spinous stems that can hurt if touched.

这棵仙人掌的茎部多刺,触摸时可能会受伤。

Be careful with that plant—its leaves are quite spinous.

小心那株植物,它的叶子非常刺人。

The fish's spinous fins help protect it from predators.

这条鱼的棘状鳍有助于保护它免受捕食者攻击。

高级例句

The spinous processes of the vertebrae provide attachment points for muscles and ligaments.

椎骨的棘突为肌肉和韧带提供了附着点。

In botanical studies, spinous adaptations are often analyzed for their defensive functions.

在植物学研究中,棘状适应常因其防御功能而被分析。

The medical report noted a fracture in the spinous region of the thoracic spine.

医疗报告指出胸椎棘突区域有一处骨折。

高频搭配

adjective

spinous leavesspinous processspinous texturespinous projectionsspinous structures

noun

spinous layerspinous cellsspinous finsspinous dorsal finspinous ridge

verb

have spinousdevelop spinousform spinousexhibit spinouspossess spinous

preposition

with spinousin spinousof spinouson spinousalong spinous

常见错误

❌ 错误:This fruit is very spinous to eat.
✓ 正确:This fruit has a spinous skin that is hard to peel.

spinous描述物体本身的刺状特征,不能直接修饰“吃”这个动作。应改为描述物体的具体部分具有刺状特性。

❌ 错误:He felt spinous after touching the plant.
✓ 正确:He felt a prickly sensation after touching the spinous plant.

spinous是形容词,描述物体的特征,不能用来描述人的感觉。应用prickly等词描述触感,spinous修饰植物本身。

近义词辨析

prickly

prickly更口语化,强调引起刺痛或不适的感觉,常用于日常描述;spinous更正式,侧重物体本身的刺状结构,多用于学术语境。

The prickly bush made my skin itch. (强调感觉) / The spinous structure of the plant was examined under a microscope. (强调结构)

thorny

thorny特指像荆棘一样有硬刺,常用于植物;spinous含义更广,可描述各种尖状突起,包括医学中的棘突。

The thorny rose stems require careful handling. (植物硬刺) / The spinous processes are key anatomical landmarks. (医学结构)