proportion

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数据源: ai_enrichment
proportion 指事物各部分之间的比例关系,常用于描述数量、大小或程度的相对均衡或分配。

用法要点

句型搭配

proportion 常与介词 of 连用,表示某部分在整体中的比例,如 'a proportion of';也可用于 'in proportion to' 表示与...成比例。

• a large proportion of the population
• in proportion to income
• out of proportion

介词用法

proportion 后常接介词 of 引出整体,如 'the proportion of students';与 to 连用表示比例关系,如 'proportional to'。

• proportion of errors
• directly proportional to
• inverse proportion to

语域说明

proportion 在正式和学术语境中更常见,如数学、统计、商务报告;日常对话中可用 'percentage' 或 'ratio' 替代,但 proportion 强调相对关系。

• statistical proportion
• economic proportion
• balanced proportion

基础例句

A large proportion of the students passed the exam.

大部分学生通过了考试。

The recipe calls for flour and sugar in equal proportions.

这个食谱要求面粉和糖按等比例添加。

She tried to keep her spending in proportion to her income.

她努力使支出与收入保持合理比例。

高级例句

The study found a direct proportion between exercise frequency and health outcomes.

研究发现运动频率与健康结果之间存在直接比例关系。

In the financial report, the proportion of overseas revenue increased to 30%.

在财务报告中,海外收入的比例上升至30%。

Engineers must calculate the proportion of materials to ensure structural integrity.

工程师必须计算材料比例以确保结构完整性。

高频搭配

verb

increase proportionreduce proportionmaintain proportioncalculate proportionadjust proportion

adjective

large proportionsmall proportionequal proportionsignificant proportiondirect proportion

noun

population proportionerror proportiontime proportioncost proportionarea proportion

adverb

directly proportionalinversely proportionalroughly proportionalexactly proportional

preposition

proportion ofin proportion toout of proportionproportional to

phrase

a proportion ofin direct proportionout of all proportionkeep things in proportion

常见错误

❌ 错误:The proportion of students are high.
✓ 正确:The proportion of students is high.

proportion 作为主语时是单数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式,如 is,而不是 are。

❌ 错误:He spends money out of proportion.
✓ 正确:He spends money out of proportion to his income.

out of proportion 通常需要与 to 连用,指明比较对象,如 'out of proportion to something',以表达比例失调。

近义词辨析

ratio

ratio 强调两个数量之间的精确数学关系,通常用冒号或分数表示;而 proportion 更泛指部分与整体或各部分之间的相对关系,常用于描述分配或均衡。

The ratio of boys to girls is 2:1, but the proportion of students who passed is 80%.

percentage

percentage 特指以百分数表示的比例,是 proportion 的一种具体形式;proportion 可以不用百分数,更通用,如用分数或描述性语言。

The percentage of voters was 60%, while the proportion of support varied by region.