mutation

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数据源: ai_enrichment
突变是指生物体基因或DNA序列发生的突然、可遗传的变化,也可泛指任何突然或显著的变化。

用法要点

句型搭配

mutation通常用作可数名词,表示具体的突变事件或类型,常与动词如cause、undergo、occur等搭配。

• cause a mutation
• undergo a mutation
• a rare mutation

介词用法

mutation常与介词in连用,表示在某个基因或物种中发生的突变;也可与of连用,表示突变的性质或来源。

• mutation in the gene
• mutation of the virus
• mutation from the original

语域说明

mutation在生物学和遗传学中是专业术语,指基因变化;在一般语境中可比喻突然或意外的变化,但使用较少。

• genetic mutation
• spontaneous mutation
• a mutation in plans

基础例句

The scientist discovered a rare mutation in the plant's DNA.

科学家在植物的DNA中发现了一种罕见的突变。

Some mutations can lead to new traits in animals.

一些突变可能导致动物出现新的特征。

The virus underwent a mutation, making it more contagious.

病毒发生了突变,使其传染性更强。

He joked that his sudden interest in cooking was a mutation in his personality.

他开玩笑说,他突然对烹饪感兴趣是他性格上的一种突变。

高级例句

The research paper analyzes the impact of point mutations on protein function in cancer cells.

这篇研究论文分析了点突变对癌细胞中蛋白质功能的影响。

In evolutionary biology, mutations are considered a primary source of genetic variation.

在进化生物学中,突变被认为是遗传变异的主要来源。

The pharmaceutical company is developing drugs that target specific genetic mutations in tumors.

这家制药公司正在开发针对肿瘤中特定基因突变的药物。

Climate change may accelerate mutation rates in certain species, affecting biodiversity.

气候变化可能加速某些物种的突变率,从而影响生物多样性。

高频搭配

verb

causeundergooccurlead toresult in

adjective

geneticspontaneousrandombeneficialharmfulrare

noun

gene mutationDNA mutationpoint mutationchromosomal mutationviral mutation

adverb

spontaneouslyrandomlyfrequentlyrarely

preposition

inoffromdue to

phrase

mutation ratemutation frequencymutation analysismutation testing

常见错误

❌ 错误:The mutation of the plan caused many problems.
✓ 正确:The change in the plan caused many problems.

在非生物学语境中,mutation通常不用于描述计划的变化,应使用change或alteration等更通用的词。

❌ 错误:He has a mutation in his behavior.
✓ 正确:He has a sudden change in his behavior.

mutation主要指基因或DNA的突变,用于描述行为变化不自然,应用change或shift等词。

近义词辨析

variation

variation强调差异或变化,可以是自然或人为的,范围较广;mutation特指基因的突然、可遗传变化,更具专业性和偶然性。

Genetic variation includes both mutations and recombination, but mutation is a specific type of change in DNA sequence.

alteration

alteration指一般的修改或改变,常用于非生物语境,如计划或物体;mutation专指生物学中的基因突变,含义更具体。

The alteration in the building design was minor, unlike a mutation which can drastically affect an organism's traits.