hydroxyl

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
羟基是一种由一个氢原子和一个氧原子组成的化学基团,常见于有机化合物中,具有重要的化学性质。

用法要点

句型搭配

羟基通常作为名词使用,在句子中作主语、宾语或定语,描述化学结构或反应。

• The hydroxyl group is reactive.
• Add a hydroxyl to the compound.
• Hydroxyl-containing molecules

介词用法

羟基常与介词如 'in'、'of'、'with' 搭配,表示位置、所属或伴随关系,用于化学语境。

• Hydroxyl in water
• Hydroxyl of alcohol
• React with hydroxyl

语域说明

羟基主要用于化学、生物化学和医学等学术或专业领域,日常对话中较少使用,属于正式术语。

• Hydroxyl radical in chemistry
• Hydroxyl group in biochemistry
• Medical use of hydroxyl

基础例句

In chemistry class, we learned that water has a hydroxyl group.

在化学课上,我们学到水含有羟基。

This alcohol contains a hydroxyl, which makes it reactive.

这种酒精含有羟基,使其具有反应性。

You can add a hydroxyl to the molecule to change its properties.

你可以向分子中添加羟基来改变其性质。

The doctor explained that some medicines use hydroxyl groups.

医生解释说,一些药物使用羟基基团。

高级例句

The hydroxyl radical plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry reactions.

羟基自由基在大气化学反应中起着关键作用。

In organic synthesis, introducing a hydroxyl group can enhance solubility.

在有机合成中,引入羟基基团可以提高溶解度。

The pharmaceutical company patented a new compound with multiple hydroxyl substitutions.

这家制药公司为一种具有多个羟基取代的新化合物申请了专利。

Research shows that hydroxyl-containing polymers degrade faster in the environment.

研究表明,含羟基的聚合物在环境中降解更快。

高频搭配

verb

add hydroxylremove hydroxylform hydroxylreact with hydroxylcontain hydroxyl

adjective

hydroxyl grouphydroxyl radicalhydroxyl compoundhydroxyl functionalhydroxyl-rich

noun

hydroxyl ionhydroxyl bondhydroxyl substitutionhydroxyl donorhydroxyl acceptor

adverb

highly hydroxylatedpartially hydroxylatedchemically hydroxylated

preposition

with hydroxylin hydroxylof hydroxylto hydroxyl

phrase

hydroxyl group attachmenthydroxyl radical scavengerhydroxyl-terminated polymer

常见错误

❌ 错误:The hydroxyl is a water.
✓ 正确:The hydroxyl group is part of water molecules.

羟基是水分子中的一个基团,不是水本身;错误用法混淆了整体和部分,应明确描述其作为组成部分的角色。

❌ 错误:I hydroxyl the chemical.
✓ 正确:I add a hydroxyl group to the chemical.

羟基是名词,不能直接用作动词;错误用法误将名词当动词,应使用动词如 'add' 或 'introduce' 搭配 'hydroxyl group'。

近义词辨析

hydroxide

羟基(hydroxyl)指 -OH 基团,通常以共价键连接;氢氧化物(hydroxide)指含有 OH⁻ 离子的化合物,如 NaOH,强调离子形式。

Hydroxyl groups are covalent, while hydroxide ions are ionic in compounds like sodium hydroxide.

alcohol

羟基(hydroxyl)是化学基团;酒精(alcohol)是一类含有羟基的有机化合物,如乙醇,但酒精特指这类物质,而非基团本身。

Ethanol is an alcohol that contains a hydroxyl group, but not all hydroxyl-containing compounds are alcohols.