hock

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英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
hock 作为名词指踝关节、德国白葡萄酒或监狱,作为动词表示典当或割断踝腱使动物残废。

用法要点

动词用法

作为及物动词,表示典当物品以换取现金,常用于金融或非正式语境,句型为 hock something (to someone)。

• hock a watch
• hock jewelry for money
• hock it at a pawnshop

名词用法

作为可数名词,指动物的踝关节部位,在解剖学或兽医领域使用;也指德国产的白葡萄酒,在餐饮语境中常见;俚语中可指监狱。

• injured hock
• a glass of hock
• in hock for theft

介词搭配

与介词 in 连用表示处于典当状态或负债,如 in hock;与 to 连用表示典当给某人,如 hock to a lender。

• in hock up to his ears
• hock it to the bank
• out of hock after repayment

基础例句

I had to hock my guitar to pay the rent last month.

上个月我不得不典当了我的吉他来付房租。

The vet said the dog's hock was swollen after the fall.

兽医说狗狗摔倒后踝关节肿了。

We enjoyed a bottle of hock with our dinner at the German restaurant.

我们在德国餐厅用餐时喝了一瓶德国白葡萄酒。

高级例句

The company is in hock to multiple creditors, risking bankruptcy if loans are called.

公司欠多家债权人债务,如果贷款被催收将面临破产风险。

In equine anatomy, the hock joint corresponds to the human ankle and is crucial for locomotion.

在马匹解剖学中,踝关节相当于人类的脚踝,对运动至关重要。

Historical records show that prisoners in hock often faced harsh conditions in 19th-century Europe.

历史记录显示,19世纪欧洲监狱中的囚犯常面临恶劣条件。

高频搭配

verb

put in hocktake out of hockhock a carhock possessionshock for cash

adjective

sprained hockGerman hockexpensive hockdeep in hocklegal hock

noun

horse hockpawn hockdebt hockwine hockprison hock

phrase

in hock to the bankhock it for a loanby hook or by crookhock and ham

常见错误

❌ 错误:I hocked my book to the library.
✓ 正确:I returned my book to the library.

hock 特指典当换取现金,不适用于图书馆借还书;应使用 return 或 borrow/return 表达。

❌ 错误:He hurt his hock while playing basketball.
✓ 正确:He hurt his ankle while playing basketball.

hock 通常指动物的踝关节,人类踝关节一般用 ankle;在非兽医语境中,用 ankle 更准确。

近义词辨析

pawn

pawn 更常用作动词表示典当,强调暂时抵押物品;hock 作为动词更口语化,有时带非正式色彩。

He pawned his watch (正式/通用) vs. He hocked his watch (非正式/俚语)。

ankle

ankle 专指人类或类似生物的踝关节,通用且中性;hock 作为名词主要指动物踝关节,尤其在兽医或马术领域。

The athlete sprained his ankle (人类) vs. The horse injured its hock (动物)。