harmful

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
有害的,指对健康、环境或事物造成损害或负面影响的形容词。

用法要点

句型搭配

常用于'be harmful to'结构,表示对某物有害,或与'it is harmful to do'句型连用,强调行为的有害性。

• be harmful to health
• it is harmful to smoke

介词用法

主要与介词'to'搭配,表示有害的对象,如对健康、环境等;也可与'for'连用,但较少见,多用于特定语境。

• harmful to the environment
• harmful for children

语域说明

适用于正式和非正式场合,常见于学术、商务、日常对话中,描述物理、心理或社会层面的危害。

• harmful chemicals
• harmful gossip

基础例句

Smoking is harmful to your lungs and overall health.

吸烟对你的肺部和整体健康有害。

Too much sugar can be harmful to children's teeth.

过多的糖分可能对儿童的牙齿有害。

She warned him that the gossip might be harmful to their friendship.

她警告他,那些闲言碎语可能对他们的友谊有害。

高级例句

The study concluded that prolonged exposure to blue light is harmful to sleep patterns.

该研究得出结论,长时间暴露在蓝光下对睡眠模式有害。

In business, unethical practices can be harmful to a company's reputation and long-term success.

在商业中,不道德的行为可能对公司的声誉和长期成功有害。

Environmental regulations aim to reduce harmful emissions from industrial activities.

环境法规旨在减少工业活动产生的有害排放物。

高频搭配

verb

be harmfulbecome harmfulprove harmfulconsider harmful

adjective

extremely harmfulpotentially harmfulenvironmentally harmfulsocially harmful

noun

harmful effectsharmful substancesharmful behaviorharmful impact

adverb

harmfullyharmlessly

preposition

harmful toharmful for

phrase

do more harm than goodcause harmpose a harmful risk

常见错误

❌ 错误:This food is harmful for health.
✓ 正确:This food is harmful to health.

错误使用介词'for',正确应为'to',表示有害的对象是健康。

❌ 错误:He is harmful to do that.
✓ 正确:It is harmful for him to do that.

错误地将'he'作为主语,应使用'it is harmful to do'句型,强调行为的有害性。

近义词辨析

damaging

强调造成实际损害或破坏,常用于物理或经济层面,比'harmful'更具体。

The storm caused damaging effects to the crops, while pollution is generally harmful to the environment.

detrimental

更正式,常用于学术或法律语境,指长期或严重的负面影响,语气比'harmful'更强。

Lack of sleep is detrimental to cognitive function, whereas occasional noise might just be harmful to concentration.