crystallite

美 'kristәlait
英 'kristәlait
数据源: static_word_details
指晶体材料中微小的晶粒,常见于金属学、地质学和材料科学领域。
名词

用法要点

微观结构描述

在描述材料内部结构时,crystallite 强调比完整晶体更小的独立单元,常用于解释材料的物理性质(如强度、导电性)与其微观组织的关系。

• The mechanical strength of the alloy depends on the size of its crystallites.
• X-ray diffraction is used to measure the average crystallite size in polycrystalline materials.

多晶材料语境

crystallite 通常出现在描述多晶(polycrystalline)材料的上下文中,指代构成该材料的大量微小晶体集合。

• In polycrystalline silicon, each crystallite is oriented randomly relative to its neighbors.
• The boundary between two crystallites is known as a grain boundary.

尺寸测量术语

常与表示尺寸的词汇搭配,如 'size', 'growth', 'formation',用于讨论材料制备过程中的微观变化。

• Heat treatment can significantly reduce the crystallite size.
• Rapid cooling leads to the formation of very small crystallites.

基础例句

The material consists of many tiny crystallites packed together.

该材料由许多紧密堆积的微晶组成。

Scientists measured the average size of the crystallites using X-ray diffraction.

科学家利用 X 射线衍射测量了微晶的平均尺寸。

The properties of the metal change depending on how large its crystallites are.

金属的性质取决于其晶粒的大小。

高级例句

Nanocrystalline materials exhibit unique magnetic properties due to their extremely small crystallite dimensions.

纳米晶体材料因其极小的微晶尺寸而表现出独特的磁性特性。

Grain boundary engineering aims to manipulate the orientation and distribution of crystallites to enhance corrosion resistance.

晶界工程旨在通过操纵微晶的取向和分布来增强抗腐蚀性能。

During sintering, the crystallites grow and coalesce, reducing the overall porosity of the ceramic body.

在烧结过程中,微晶生长并合并,从而降低了陶瓷基体的整体孔隙率。

高频搭配

noun

crystallite sizecrystallite growthcrystallite boundaryaverage crystallitefine crystalliteslarge crystallites

verb

measure crystallite sizecontrol crystallite growthrefine crystallitesform crystallites

adjective

small crystallitesuniform crystallitesirregular crystallites

常见错误

❌ 错误:The metal is made of one big crystallite.
✓ 正确:The metal is made of many small crystallites.

金属通常是多晶结构,由大量微小晶粒组成,而非单个大晶体。

❌ 错误:crystallite means grain in all contexts.
✓ 正确:Use 'grain' for general geological or metallurgical contexts, but 'crystallite' emphasizes the microscopic crystal nature.

'Grain' 是更通用的术语,而 'crystallite' 特别强调微观晶体单元的性质,尤其在材料科学中。

近义词辨析

grain

'Grain' 是更广泛的术语,指任何材料的晶粒结构(如木材纹理、金属晶粒),而 'crystallite' 特指微观尺度的晶体单元,常用于科学文献。

The wood has a fine grain. / The steel contains fine crystallites.

particle

'Particle' 泛指任何微小的颗粒(可以是非晶态、粉末等),不强调晶体结构;'crystallite' 必须具有晶体内部排列。

The powder consists of irregular particles. / The film is composed of cubic crystallites.