carbonyl

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数据源: ai_enrichment
羰基是一种由碳原子和氧原子通过双键连接而成的官能团,常见于有机化学和生物化学中。

用法要点

句型搭配

羰基通常作为名词使用,在句子中作主语、宾语或定语,描述化学结构或反应。

• The carbonyl group is reactive.
• This compound contains a carbonyl.
• Carbonyl compounds are widely studied.

介词用法

常与介词'in'、'of'、'with'等连用,表示位置、所属或伴随关系,如'in carbonyl chemistry'或'carbonyl of ketone'。

• Reactions in carbonyl chemistry
• The carbonyl of an aldehyde
• Compounds with carbonyl groups

语域说明

主要用于学术、科学和工业领域,如化学、生物、材料科学,日常对话中较少使用,属于专业术语。

• In organic synthesis, carbonyls are key.
• Carbonyl analysis in biochemistry
• Industrial applications of carbonyl compounds

基础例句

In our chemistry class, we learned that a carbonyl is a carbon atom double-bonded to oxygen.

在化学课上,我们学到羰基是一个碳原子与氧原子通过双键连接的结构。

This molecule has a carbonyl group, which makes it more reactive.

这个分子含有一个羰基,这使它更具反应性。

You can identify a carbonyl by its strong absorption in infrared spectroscopy.

你可以通过红外光谱中的强吸收来识别羰基。

高级例句

The carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones undergoes nucleophilic addition reactions under basic conditions.

醛和酮中的羰基在碱性条件下发生亲核加成反应。

In pharmaceutical research, modifying the carbonyl moiety can enhance drug stability and bioavailability.

在药物研究中,修饰羰基部分可以提高药物的稳定性和生物利用度。

Carbonyl compounds are pivotal in industrial catalysis, such as in the production of polymers and fine chemicals.

羰基化合物在工业催化中至关重要,例如在聚合物和精细化学品的生产中。

高频搭配

verb

form a carbonylreduce the carbonyloxidize the carbonylprotect the carbonylreact with carbonyl

adjective

reactive carbonylcarbonyl compoundcarbonyl groupcarbonyl carboncarbonyl oxygen

noun

carbonyl chemistrycarbonyl stretchingcarbonyl frequencycarbonyl bondcarbonyl derivative

adverb

highly carbonylpartially carbonyldirectly carbonyl

preposition

in carbonylof carbonylwith carbonylto carbonyl

phrase

carbonyl groupcarbonyl compoundcarbonyl functionalitycarbonyl-containing moleculecarbonyl-based reaction

常见错误

❌ 错误:The carbonyl is a carbon atom single-bonded to oxygen.
✓ 正确:The carbonyl is a carbon atom double-bonded to oxygen.

错误在于将双键误写为单键;羰基的特征是碳氧双键,正确描述应强调双键结构。

❌ 错误:Carbonyl means the same as carboxyl group.
✓ 正确:Carbonyl refers to C=O, while carboxyl is COOH.

错误在于混淆了羰基和羧基;羰基是C=O官能团,而羧基是COOH,包含羰基和羟基,两者化学性质不同。

近义词辨析

carbonyl group

carbonyl通常指羰基这一官能团本身,而carbonyl group更强调其在分子中的具体位置或作为整体的一部分,在学术语境中常互换使用,但group可能更精确。

The carbonyl in this molecule is reactive. vs. The carbonyl group at the center influences the reaction.

carbonyl compound

carbonyl泛指羰基结构,而carbonyl compound指含有羰基的化合物,如醛、酮等,后者更具体地描述一类物质。

Carbonyl chemistry studies reactions. vs. Acetone is a common carbonyl compound.