anhydride

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
酸酐是一种化学物质,通常指酸脱水后形成的化合物,常用于化工和医药领域。

用法要点

句型搭配

anhydride 通常作为名词使用,常见于化学描述中,如“X anhydride”表示特定酸的酐,例如“acetic anhydride”(乙酸酐)。

• acetic anhydride
• phthalic anhydride
• sulfuric anhydride

介词用法

anhydride 常与介词“of”连用,表示属于某种酸的酐,例如“anhydride of sulfuric acid”(硫酸的酐)。

• anhydride of acetic acid
• anhydride of phthalic acid
• anhydride of carbonic acid

语域说明

anhydride 主要用于学术、化工和医药等专业领域,日常对话中较少使用,属于正式术语。

• used in chemical synthesis
• found in pharmaceutical production
• applied in industrial processes

基础例句

In the lab, we often use acetic anhydride for esterification reactions.

在实验室里,我们常用乙酸酐进行酯化反应。

This chemical process involves the formation of an anhydride from an acid.

这个化学过程涉及从酸形成酸酐。

Be careful when handling anhydrides as they can be corrosive.

处理酸酐时要小心,因为它们可能有腐蚀性。

The teacher explained how anhydrides are used in making plastics.

老师解释了酸酐如何用于制造塑料。

高级例句

The synthesis of aspirin typically employs acetic anhydride as a key reagent in acetylation.

阿司匹林的合成通常使用乙酸酐作为乙酰化反应的关键试剂。

In industrial settings, phthalic anhydride is widely utilized in the production of plasticizers and resins.

在工业环境中,邻苯二甲酸酐广泛用于生产增塑剂和树脂。

Recent research has focused on developing novel catalysts for anhydride-based polymerization to enhance material properties.

最近的研究集中在开发用于酸酐基聚合的新型催化剂,以改善材料性能。

The pharmaceutical company optimized the anhydride reaction step to increase yield and reduce costs in drug manufacturing.

这家制药公司优化了酸酐反应步骤,以提高药物生产中的产率并降低成本。

高频搭配

verb

form anhydrideproduce anhydridereact with anhydrideuse anhydridesynthesize anhydride

adjective

acetic anhydridephthalic anhydridesulfuric anhydrideorganic anhydrideinorganic anhydride

noun

acid anhydridechemical anhydrideanhydride compoundanhydride groupanhydride derivative

adverb

highly reactive anhydridecommonly used anhydrideeasily formed anhydride

preposition

anhydride ofanhydride inanhydride from

phrase

anhydride formationanhydride reactionanhydride synthesisanhydride hydrolysisanhydride catalyst

常见错误

❌ 错误:I added some anhydride into the solution.
✓ 正确:I added some anhydride to the solution.

错误在于使用了介词“into”,而“anhydride”作为物质名词,通常与“to”连用表示添加到某物中,应改为“to”以符合英语习惯。

❌ 错误:This is an anhydride for acetic acid.
✓ 正确:This is the anhydride of acetic acid.

错误在于使用了介词“for”,而表示属于关系时应用“of”,例如“anhydride of acetic acid”指乙酸酐,应改为“of”以准确表达化学组成。

近义词辨析

dehydrated acid

dehydrated acid 是更通俗的描述,强调酸脱水后的状态,而 anhydride 是专业化学术语,特指酸脱水形成的化合物,常用于正式语境。

In casual talk, one might say 'dehydrated acid,' but in chemistry, 'anhydride' is the correct term for compounds like acetic anhydride.

acid derivative

acid derivative 泛指酸的衍生物,范围更广,可能包括酯、酰胺等,而 anhydride 特指酸脱水后形成的酐类化合物,是更具体的子类。

While esters are acid derivatives, anhydrides like phthalic anhydride are a specific type of derivative formed by dehydration.