allergy

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英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
过敏是指身体对某些物质(如花粉、食物)产生的异常免疫反应,也常引申为对某事物的强烈反感或厌恶。

用法要点

句型搭配

常用句型包括 'have an allergy to...' 表示对某物过敏,'develop an allergy' 表示出现过敏反应,以及 'suffer from allergies' 表示受过敏困扰。这些句型在描述过敏状况时非常自然。

• have an allergy to peanuts
• develop an allergy to pollen
• suffer from seasonal allergies

介词用法

主要介词是 'to',用于连接过敏源,如 'allergy to dust'。在医学语境中,'against' 有时用于强调免疫反应,但 'to' 更常见。注意不要误用 'for' 或 'of'。

• allergy to shellfish
• allergy to penicillin
• allergic reaction to latex

语域说明

在正式或医学语境中,'allergy' 指具体的生理反应;在非正式口语中,可引申为对事物或人的厌恶,如 'I have an allergy to boring meetings',带幽默色彩。日常使用需根据上下文区分。

• food allergy (medical)
• allergy to criticism (informal)
• allergic to hard work (idiomatic)

基础例句

I have an allergy to cats, so I can't visit your house if you have one.

我对猫过敏,所以如果你家有猫,我就不能去拜访了。

She developed a peanut allergy after eating some cookies last week.

她上周吃了一些饼干后,出现了花生过敏。

My son suffers from seasonal allergies every spring and needs medication.

我儿子每年春天都受季节性过敏困扰,需要吃药。

If you have a food allergy, always check the ingredients before eating.

如果你有食物过敏,吃东西前一定要检查成分。

高级例句

The study found that early exposure to allergens may reduce the risk of developing allergies in children.

研究发现,早期接触过敏原可能降低儿童患过敏的风险。

In the pharmaceutical industry, new allergy medications must undergo rigorous clinical trials for safety approval.

在制药行业,新的过敏药物必须经过严格的临床试验才能获得安全批准。

The company's policy requires employees to disclose any severe allergies for workplace safety measures.

公司政策要求员工披露任何严重过敏情况,以便采取工作场所安全措施。

Researchers are investigating the genetic factors that contribute to the prevalence of allergies in modern populations.

研究人员正在调查导致现代人群中过敏流行的遗传因素。

高频搭配

verb

have an allergydevelop an allergysuffer from allergiestreat allergiesdiagnose an allergy

adjective

severe allergymild allergyfood allergyseasonal allergycommon allergylife-threatening allergy

noun

allergy symptomsallergy testallergy medicationallergy specialistallergy seasonallergy shot

adverb

highly allergicmildly allergicchronically allergicpotentially allergic

preposition

allergy to peanutsallergy to pollenallergy to dustallergy to cats

phrase

allergy attackallergy reliefallergy preventionallergy awarenessallergy-friendly

常见错误

❌ 错误:I have allergy of peanuts.
✓ 正确:I have an allergy to peanuts.

错误在于使用了介词 'of'。正确用法是 'allergy to' 表示对某物过敏,'of' 在这里不符合英语习惯。

❌ 错误:She is allergy to dust.
✓ 正确:She is allergic to dust.

错误在于将名词 'allergy' 误用作形容词。正确形式是形容词 'allergic' 来描述状态,'allergy' 是名词指过敏本身。

近义词辨析

sensitivity

'sensitivity' 通常指对刺激物的反应,可能较轻或不涉及免疫系统,如对光或声音敏感;而 'allergy' 特指免疫系统介导的异常反应,常更严重。

I have a sensitivity to loud noises (discomfort), but a severe allergy to bee stings (immune reaction).

intolerance

'intolerance' 常指消化系统对食物(如乳糖)的不耐受,不涉及免疫反应;'allergy' 则涉及免疫系统,可能导致更严重的症状如呼吸困难。

Lactose intolerance causes digestive issues, while a milk allergy can trigger hives or anaphylaxis.