核心差别
wayward 强调wayward 指人或事物任性、难以控制、不遵循常规或预期，willful 则侧重指故意或任性地行事
使用场景对比
| 对比方面 | wayward | willful |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | wayward 指人或事物任性、难以控制、不遵循常规或预期，常用于描述行为或性格。 | 指故意或任性地行事，强调有意的固执或不顾后果的行为。 |
| 词性 | 形容词 | 形容词 |
| 使用语域 | wayward 通常作定语形容词，修饰名词如行为、孩子、思想等，强调偏离正轨或难以预测。 | 常用于描述人或行为，如 'be willful' 或 'willful act'，强调主观意图。 |
对比例句
The wayward child often skipped school without telling anyone.
那个任性的孩子经常不告诉任何人就逃学。
Her wayward behavior made it hard for her parents to manage.
她任性的行为让父母很难管教。
The toddler was being willful and refused to eat his vegetables.
那个幼儿很任性，拒绝吃蔬菜。
She made a willful choice to skip the meeting, even though she knew it was important.
她故意选择不去开会，尽管她知道那很重要。
常见误用提醒
使用 wayward：He is very wayward to his friends. → He is very wayward in his friendships. (wayward 不直接接 'to' 表示对象，应使用 'in' 加名词短语来描述在某个方面任性，如 'in his behavior' 或 'in his decisions'。)
使用 wayward：She has a waywardly attitude. → She has a wayward attitude. (wayward 是形容词，不应加 '-ly' 变成副词形式；直接修饰名词即可，如 'wayward child' 或 'wayward behavior'。)
使用 willful：He is willful to do that. → He is willful in doing that. (错误在于使用了 'to do' 结构，'willful' 通常描述状态或行为，应使用 'in' 加动名词或直接修饰名词。)