词汇对比与辨析
核心差别
snobbishness 强调势利指根据他人的社会地位、财富或背景而表现出傲慢、轻视或谄媚的态度，pretentious 则侧重形容人或事物表现出不切实际的优越感或故作高深
使用场景对比
| 对比方面 | snobbishness | pretentious |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | 势利指根据他人的社会地位、财富或背景而表现出傲慢、轻视或谄媚的态度，通常带有贬义。 | 形容人或事物表现出不切实际的优越感或故作高深，以显得比实际更有才华或重要。 |
| 词性 | 名词 | 形容词 |
| 使用语域 | 常与动词如display、show、exhibit等连用，表示表现出势利行为；也可用于描述某人的性格特征，如be known for one's snobbishness。 | 常用于描述人或事物，可作定语或表语，如 'a pretentious person' 或 'He seems pretentious.' |
对比例句
Her snobbishness made it hard for her to make friends at school.
她的势利态度让她在学校很难交到朋友。
I can't stand the snobbishness in that exclusive club.
我受不了那家高级俱乐部里的势利风气。
He always uses big words to sound pretentious in conversations.
他总在对话中用大词来显得自命不凡。
Her pretentious attitude makes it hard to connect with her.
她自负的态度让人难以与她建立联系。
常见误用提醒
使用 snobbishness：He has a snobbishness behavior. → He displays snobbishness in his behavior. (snobbishness是名词，不能直接修饰名词；应使用动词如display或介词短语如in his behavior来连接。)
使用 snobbishness：She is full of snobbish. → She is full of snobbishness. (snobbish是形容词，而full of后应接名词；正确形式是使用名词snobbishness，表示'充满势利'。)
使用 pretentious：He is very pretentious to his friends. → He acts pretentious around his friends. (错误在于误用 'to' 表示对象，应改为 'around' 或调整句型，'pretentious' 通常描述行为或态度，而非直接对象。)