词汇对比与辨析
核心差别
inconsistent 强调指事物或行为在时间、空间或逻辑上缺乏稳定性、连贯性或统一性,erratic 则侧重形容行为、表现或事物不稳定、难以预测
使用场景对比
| 对比方面 | inconsistent | erratic |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | 指事物或行为在时间、空间或逻辑上缺乏稳定性、连贯性或统一性,表现为前后矛盾、易变或不协调。 | 形容行为、表现或事物不稳定、难以预测,或指行为古怪、漂泊不定的人。 |
| 词性 | 形容词 | 形容词 |
| 使用语域 | 常用于描述人或事物的行为、表现、质量等缺乏一致性,可作定语或表语,常与'be'动词连用。 | 主要用作形容词,描述行为、表现、模式等不稳定、不规律或难以预测,常与名词搭配使用。 |
对比例句
Her answers were inconsistent, so I couldn't trust what she said.
她的回答前后矛盾,所以我无法相信她的话。
The weather has been inconsistent this week, sunny one day and rainy the next.
这周的天气变化无常,今天晴天,明天就下雨。
His driving has become erratic lately, which worries his family.
他最近的驾驶变得很不稳定,这让他的家人很担心。
The weather in spring is often erratic, with sudden changes from sunny to rainy.
春天的天气常常不稳定,会突然从晴天变成雨天。
常见误用提醒
使用 inconsistent:His opinion is inconsistent to mine. → His opinion is inconsistent with mine. (错误使用了介词'to',正确应为'with',表示'与...不一致',这是固定搭配。)
使用 inconsistent:She is inconsistency in her work. → She is inconsistent in her work. (错误使用了名词'inconsistency',这里需要形容词'inconsistent'来描述状态,应改为形容词形式。)
使用 erratic:He is very erratic person. → He is a very erratic person. (错误在于缺少冠词'a'。'erratic'作为形容词修饰名词'person'时,需要冠词'a'来构成完整的名词短语。)