核心差别
harsh 强调harsh 是一个形容词,strict 则侧重strict 是一个形容词
使用场景对比
| 对比方面 | harsh | strict |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | harsh 是一个形容词,指事物粗糙、刺耳或严厉苛刻,常用于描述环境、声音或批评。 | strict 是一个形容词,表示要求或规则非常严厉、精确或绝对,不容许任何偏差或松懈。 |
| 词性 | 形容词 | 形容词 |
| 使用语域 | harsh 常与 be 动词连用,构成 be harsh on/to sb/sth 结构,表示对某人或某物严厉;也可用于修饰名词,如 harsh conditions。 | strict 常用于描述人或规则,如 be strict with someone(对某人严格)或 have strict rules(有严格规定)。 |
对比例句
The teacher's feedback was too harsh, making the student feel discouraged.
老师的反馈太严厉了,让学生感到气馁。
This fabric feels harsh against my skin, so I prefer softer materials.
这种布料摸起来很粗糙,所以我更喜欢柔软的材料。
My parents are very strict about bedtime; I have to be in bed by 9 PM.
我的父母对睡觉时间非常严格,我必须在晚上9点前上床。
The school has strict rules against using phones during class.
学校有严格的规定,禁止在课堂上使用手机。
常见误用提醒
使用 harsh:He is harsh to say that. → He is harsh in saying that. (错误在于介词使用不当。harsh 后接行为时应用 in 表示在某个方面严厉,而不是 to。)
使用 harsh:The weather is harsh today. → The weather is harsh today (if extreme), or use 'severe' for clarity. (harsh 可描述天气,但可能不够具体;在中文学习者中,易误用于普通坏天气,而 harsh 更强调极端或令人不适的条件,如 harsh winter。)
使用 strict:He is strict to his children. → He is strict with his children. (错误:使用介词 to 不正确。正确:strict 通常与 with 连用,表示对某人严格。改正:将 to 改为 with。)