词汇对比与辨析

核心差别

harsh 强调harsh 是一个形容词,strict 则侧重strict 是一个形容词

使用场景对比

对比方面harshstrict
核心含义harsh 是一个形容词,指事物粗糙、刺耳或严厉苛刻,常用于描述环境、声音或批评。strict 是一个形容词,表示要求或规则非常严厉、精确或绝对,不容许任何偏差或松懈。
词性形容词形容词
使用语域harsh 常与 be 动词连用,构成 be harsh on/to sb/sth 结构,表示对某人或某物严厉;也可用于修饰名词,如 harsh conditions。strict 常用于描述人或规则,如 be strict with someone(对某人严格)或 have strict rules(有严格规定)。

对比例句

harsh

The teacher's feedback was too harsh, making the student feel discouraged.

老师的反馈太严厉了,让学生感到气馁。

harsh

This fabric feels harsh against my skin, so I prefer softer materials.

这种布料摸起来很粗糙,所以我更喜欢柔软的材料。

strict

My parents are very strict about bedtime; I have to be in bed by 9 PM.

我的父母对睡觉时间非常严格,我必须在晚上9点前上床。

strict

The school has strict rules against using phones during class.

学校有严格的规定,禁止在课堂上使用手机。

常见误用提醒

使用 harsh:He is harsh to say that. → He is harsh in saying that. (错误在于介词使用不当。harsh 后接行为时应用 in 表示在某个方面严厉,而不是 to。)

使用 harsh:The weather is harsh today. → The weather is harsh today (if extreme), or use 'severe' for clarity. (harsh 可描述天气,但可能不够具体;在中文学习者中,易误用于普通坏天气,而 harsh 更强调极端或令人不适的条件,如 harsh winter。)

使用 strict:He is strict to his children. → He is strict with his children. (错误:使用介词 to 不正确。正确:strict 通常与 with 连用,表示对某人严格。改正:将 to 改为 with。)