词汇对比与辨析
核心差别
debilitating 强调debilitating 是形容词，debilitate 则侧重debilitate 指使身体、精神或组织变得虚弱无力
使用场景对比
| 对比方面 | debilitating | debilitate |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | debilitating 是形容词，指使人或事物极度虚弱、衰弱，导致无法正常活动或运作的状态。 | debilitate 指使身体、精神或组织变得虚弱无力，通常因疾病、压力或长期消耗导致。 |
| 词性 | 形容词 | 动词 |
| 使用语域 | 常用于描述疾病、状况或影响，作为形容词修饰名词，表示“使人衰弱的”或“削弱性的”。 | debilitate 常用作及物动词，后接直接宾语，表示使某人或某物衰弱。句型为 "debilitate + 宾语"，强调动作的直接影响。 |
对比例句
The flu left her with a debilitating headache that lasted for days.
流感让她头痛欲裂，持续了好几天。
He found the heatwave debilitating and could barely go outside.
他觉得热浪让人虚弱不堪，几乎无法出门。
The flu really debilitated him, and he had to stay in bed for a week.
流感让他虚弱不堪，他不得不在床上躺了一周。
Lack of sleep can debilitate your ability to focus during the day.
睡眠不足会削弱你白天的专注力。
常见误用提醒
使用 debilitating：The cold was very debilitating to me. → The cold was debilitating for me. (错误在于介词使用不当；debilitating 常与 for 或 on 搭配表示影响对象，to 在此语境不自然，应改为 for 以更符合习惯表达。)
使用 debilitating：She felt debilitating after the workout. → She felt debilitated after the workout. (错误在于词性混淆；debilitating 是形容词，描述事物性质，而这里需要过去分词 debilitated 作表语表示状态，意为“感到虚弱的”。)
使用 debilitate：The cold weather debilitates to me. → The cold weather debilitates me. (debilitate 是及物动词，直接接宾语，不需要加介词 to。正确用法是 "debilitate + 宾语"，表示使某人衰弱。)