supercritical

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数据源: ai_enrichment
指超过临界点或阈值,常用于描述物理、化学或工程中物质或系统处于特殊状态,如超临界流体或超临界条件。

用法要点

句型搭配

通常用作形容词,修饰名词如流体、条件、状态等,表示超过临界点。常见于科技或学术语境,描述物质在特定温度和压力下的行为。

• supercritical fluid
• supercritical conditions
• supercritical state

介词用法

常与介词"in"或"under"连用,表示处于超临界状态或条件下,强调环境或参数。例如,"in supercritical conditions"指在超临界条件下。

• in supercritical state
• under supercritical pressure
• at supercritical temperatures

语域说明

主要用于科技、工程、物理和化学领域,属于专业术语,日常对话中较少使用。在学术论文或技术报告中常见,描述高级科学现象。

• supercritical extraction
• supercritical drying
• supercritical flow

基础例句

In the lab, we heated the water until it became supercritical.

在实验室里,我们加热水直到它变成超临界状态。

Supercritical fluids are used to extract flavors from plants efficiently.

超临界流体被用来高效地从植物中提取风味物质。

The engineer explained how the system operates under supercritical conditions.

工程师解释了系统如何在超临界条件下运行。

When pressure is high enough, the gas can reach a supercritical state.

当压力足够高时,气体可以达到超临界状态。

高级例句

Supercritical carbon dioxide is widely applied in green chemistry for solvent-free reactions.

超临界二氧化碳在绿色化学中被广泛应用,用于无溶剂反应。

The research focuses on the thermodynamic properties of supercritical water in nuclear reactors.

这项研究聚焦于核反应堆中超临界水的热力学性质。

In aerospace engineering, supercritical airfoils are designed to reduce drag at high speeds.

在航空航天工程中,超临界翼型被设计用来减少高速飞行时的阻力。

The company invested in supercritical technology to enhance the efficiency of power generation.

该公司投资超临界技术以提高发电效率。

高频搭配

adjective

supercritical fluidsupercritical conditionssupercritical statesupercritical temperaturesupercritical pressure

noun

supercriticalitysupercritical pointsupercritical regionsupercritical masssupercritical flow

verb

reach supercriticalmaintain supercriticalachieve supercriticaloperate in supercriticalexceed supercritical

adverb

nearly supercriticalfully supercriticalpartially supercriticalexperimentally supercritical

preposition

in supercriticalunder supercriticalat supercriticalabove supercritical

phrase

supercritical carbon dioxidesupercritical water oxidationsupercritical fluid chromatographysupercritical drying process

常见错误

❌ 错误:The water is supercritical when it boils.
✓ 正确:The water is supercritical when it exceeds critical temperature and pressure.

错误在于混淆了超临界与沸腾。超临界指超过临界点(特定温度和压力),而沸腾是液体变为气体的相变过程,不一定达到超临界状态。应强调临界参数。

❌ 错误:We use supercritical to clean the machine.
✓ 正确:We use supercritical fluids to clean the machine.

错误在于将"supercritical"用作名词单独使用。它通常是形容词,需要修饰名词如"fluid"或"conditions"。正确用法应完整表达为"supercritical fluids"。

近义词辨析

critical

"critical"指临界点或关键时刻,而"supercritical"强调超过临界点。例如,临界温度是转折点,超临界温度则高于此点。

At the critical temperature, water turns to steam; above it, in supercritical state, it has unique properties.

extreme

"extreme"泛指极端或非常高,而"supercritical"特指科学中超过临界参数的状态,更具技术性。例如,极端条件可能包括超临界,但超临界更精确。

The experiment requires extreme conditions, such as supercritical pressures, to study material behavior.