词汇对比与辨析
核心差别
querulous 强调形容人经常抱怨、爱发牢骚或容易因小事而生气，quarrelsome 则侧重形容一个人或性格倾向于争吵、争论
使用场景对比
| 对比方面 | querulous | quarrelsome |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | 形容人经常抱怨、爱发牢骚或容易因小事而生气，带有持续不满的情绪。 | 形容一个人或性格倾向于争吵、争论，容易引发或参与冲突，通常带有负面含义。 |
| 词性 | 形容词 | 形容词 |
| 使用语域 | 通常用作定语或表语，描述人的性格或行为，常与表示人的名词或代词连用，强调习惯性的抱怨态度。 | 通常用作定语形容词，修饰名词如person、nature、temperament等，描述人的性格特征。也可作表语，与系动词如be、become连用。 |
对比例句
The old man grew querulous when his meal was served late.
那位老人因为饭菜上得晚而变得爱发牢骚。
She has a querulous voice that always complains about small things.
她有一种抱怨的嗓音，总是对小事不满。
My neighbor is so quarrelsome that he argues with everyone over parking spaces.
我的邻居非常喜欢吵架，连停车位这种小事都要跟每个人争论。
She became quarrelsome after losing her job, often picking fights with family members.
她失业后变得好争论，经常和家人发生争执。
常见误用提醒
使用 querulous：He is very querulous to his friends. → He is very querulous with his friends. (错误在于使用了不常见的介词'to'；'querulous'通常与'about'、'over'或'with'搭配，'with'表示对某人不满，但更常用'about'指具体事物。)
使用 querulous：She querulously complained about the weather. → She complained querulously about the weather. (错误在于将'querulous'误用作副词；'querulous'是形容词，应使用其副词形式'querulously'来修饰动词，如'complain querulously'。)
使用 quarrelsome：He is very quarrelsome to argue with his friends. → He is very quarrelsome and often argues with his friends. (错误用法中'quarrelsome to argue'结构不正确，quarrelsome是形容词，直接描述状态，应用并列结构或从句。)